Stroke occurs when part of the brain loses its blood supply and stops working. This causes the part of the body that the injured brain controls to stop working.
Stroke can also be called a cerebrovascular accident, CVA, or “brain attack.”
The type of stroke include :
1. Ischemic stroke
2. hemorrhagic stroke
3. Transient Ischemic stroke
Ischemic stroke
It occur when the brain’s blood vessels become narrowed or blocked, so it cause severely reduced blood flow (ischemia)to the brain 🧠.
 Causes of ischemic stroke
1. fatty deposits that build up in blood vessels(such as arteriosclerosis or high cholesterol )
2. blood clots in the vessel that supply the brain
Or other debris that travel through your bloodstream and lodge in the blood vessels in your brain.
Hemorrhagic stroke
Hemorrhagic stroke occurs when a blood vessel in your brain leaks or ruptures.
Causes of hemorrhagic stroke include:
1. Patients with Uncontrolled high blood pressure
2. Overtreatment with blood thinners (anticoagulants)
3. weak spots at the blood vessel walls (aneurysms)
4. Trauma (such as a car accident)
5. Protein deposits in blood vessel walls that lead to weakness in the vessel wall (cerebral amyloid angiopathy)
Transient ischemic attack (TIA)
A transient ischemic attack (TIA) is also known as a ministroke or stroke warning — is a temporary period of symptoms similar to those you’d have in a stroke.
Note TIA doesn’t cause permanent damage. But if after this warning this person did not go through proper treatment and lifestyle, this kind of person will have stroke in the future
They’re caused by a temporary decrease in blood supply to part of your brain, which may last as little as five minutes. And sometimes a days
For instance incase of person who can later be predisposed toischemic stroke, a TIA occurs when a clot or debris reduces or blocks blood flow to part of your nervous system.
Risk factors
These are what can predisposed someone to stroke, it include the following :
Lifestyle risk factors
1. Being overweight or obese
2. Physical inactivity
3. Use of illegal drugs such as cocaine and methamphetamine
Medical risk factors
1. High blood pressure
2. Cigarette smoking or secondhand smoke exposure
3.High cholesterol
4. Diabetes
5. Obstructive sleep
6. Cardiovascular disease, such as heart failure, heart defects, heart infection or abnormal heart rhythm, such as atrial fibrillation
7. Personal or family history of stroke, such as person whose his or her has the history of stroke or someone that has transient ischemic attack before
Note lack of proper diet can also predisposed someone to stroke……
Other factors associated with a higher risk of stroke include:
Age— People age 55 or older have a higher risk of stroke than do younger people. Because at this age their immune system will have been weak due to different unhealthy exposure
Sex — Men have a higher risk of stroke than women.
Most times Women are usually older when they have strokes, and they’re more likely to die of strokes than are men.
Hormones— Use of birth control pills or hormone therapies that include estrogen increases risk
Sign and symptoms of a stroke patients
Muscular : difficulty walking, instability, paralysis with weak muscles, problems with coordination, stiff muscles, overactive reflexes, or paralysis of one side of the body
Visual : blurred vision, double vision, sudden visual loss, or temporary loss of vision in one eye
Speech : difficulty speaking, slurred speech, or speech loss
Whole body : fatigue, light-headedness, or vertigo
Limbs : numbness or weakness
Sensory : pins and needles or reduced sensation of touch
Facial : muscle weakness or numbness
Note stroke patients might experience difficulty swallowing, headache, inability to understand, mental confusion..
Complications of stroke
stroke can cause temporary or permanent disabilities, depending on how long the brain lacks blood flow and which part was affected, Such include:
Paralysis or loss of muscle movement
Stroke may cause paralyzed on one side of your body, or lose control of certain muscles, such as those on one side of your face or one arm.
Difficulty talking or swallowing
Stroke might affect control of the muscles in your mouth and throat, making it difficult for you to talk clearly, swallow or eat.
You also may have difficulty with language, including speaking or understanding speech, reading, or writing.
Memory loss or thinking difficulties
.Many people who have had strokes experience some memory loss. Others may have difficulty thinking, reasoning, making judgments and understanding concepts.
Emotional problems
People who have had strokes may have more difficulty controlling their emotions, or they may develop depression.
Pain
Pain, numbness or other unusual sensations may occur in the parts of the body affected by stroke.
For example, if a stroke causes you to lose feeling in your left arm, you may develop an uncomfortable tingling sensation in that arm.
Changes in behavior and self-care ability .
People who have had strokes may become more withdrawn.
How to Prevent stroke
The truth is that the only ways to prevent stroke is to avoid the risk factors and the cause of happening which includes :
1. Controlling high blood pressure (hypertension)
2. Lowering the amount of cholesterol and saturated fat in your diet.
3. Avoid smoking
4. Managing diabetes. For diabetes patients
5. Maintaining a healthy weight
6 Eating a diet rich in fruits and vegetables and this is the most important prevention for general people . Because it will prevent you from other health condition.
Let thy food be thy medicine
7 Exercising regularly. Aerobic exercise reduces your risk of stroke in many ways
Gradually work up to at least 30 minutes of moderate physical activity — such as dancing, walking, jogging, swimming or bicycling — if not all, days of the week.
8. Drinking alcohol in moderation if at all
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